{"id":25838,"date":"2025-11-09T11:31:14","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T11:31:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%b1%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%aa%d8%ba%db%8c%db%8c%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%aa-%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a8%db%8c-%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%b9%d8%aa-%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ac\/"},"modified":"2025-12-16T09:15:32","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T09:15:32","slug":"iran-tekstil-sanayisinin-karsilastirmali-ustunlugu-ve-uluslararasi-ticaretteki-rolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/iran-tekstil-sanayisinin-karsilastirmali-ustunlugu-ve-uluslararasi-ticaretteki-rolu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130ran tekstil sanayisinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve uluslararas\u0131 ticaretteki rol\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u00d6zet<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Tekstil sanayisi ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarette temel tart\u0131\u015fma konusu mal de\u011fi\u015fimidir; bir \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve gereksinimlerini yaln\u0131zca i\u00e7 \u00fcretimle kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fclkeler uluslararas\u0131 ticarete y\u00f6nelmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Ekonomik planlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bilgi eksenlerinden biri, mallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde ve ihracat\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin bilinmesidir. Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin fark\u0131nda olmak ve bunlar\u0131 fiili hale getirmeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar, uluslararas\u0131 rekabet alan\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131 ve varl\u0131k g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. \u0130ran tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim sanayisi, uzun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, yat\u0131r\u0131m hacmi, y\u00fcksek katma de\u011fer oran\u0131, di\u011fer sanayiler ve ulusal ekonomi ile ileri ve geri ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve bol insan g\u00fcc\u00fc sayesinde, kendi nicel ve nitel geli\u015fimi ile ulusal ekonominin ilerlemesi i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok potansiyel imk\u00e2na sahiptir. Belgesel ve uygulamal\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinin rakiplere k\u0131yasla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerindeki de\u011fi\u015fimler ve bunun uluslararas\u0131 ticaretteki rol\u00fc incelenmi\u015ftir. Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, genel olarak bir\u00e7ok ekonomik sekt\u00f6rde \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n k\u00fcresel pazarlardaki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmekte oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Devlet ve ekonomi politikas\u0131 yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu durumu dikkate alarak ihracat \u00f6nceliklerini do\u011fru \u015fekilde belirlemeleri ve buna dayanarak, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip ve ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olan sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00fcretimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme ve destekleme yoluna gitmeleri gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler:<\/strong> uluslararas\u0131 ticaret<\/a>, tekstil sanayisi<\/a>, ticaretin geli\u015ftirilmesi<\/a>, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck<\/a><\/p>\n

\n
Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ticaret d\u00fcnyada uzun bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahiptir ve milletler tarih boyunca ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak ve di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin mal ve hizmetlerine eri\u015fmek amac\u0131yla d\u0131\u015f ticarete y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte toplumun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 ve k\u00e2r elde etme, \u00fclkelerin uluslararas\u0131 ticarete girme nedenleri aras\u0131nda ba\u015fl\u0131ca unsurlar olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu alanda \u00f6nemli siyasi ve ekonomik hedefler de s\u00f6z konusudur. Baz\u0131 iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar, \u00fclkelerin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 birbirine a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u0131n\u0131r \u00f6tesi ticaretin geli\u015fmesinin, uluslar\u0131n ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek verimlili\u011fe sahip faaliyetlere y\u00f6nlendirdi\u011fini ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme ile kalk\u0131nma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmaktad\u0131r (Torkamani, 1391).<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette iki grup temel rol oynamaktad\u0131r; birinci grup, \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri ve ticaret politikas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen ve ihracat ve ithalat, g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri, tarifeler ve vergiler gibi konular\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiren akt\u00f6rlerdir. Bu grupta devletler, uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctler ve birlikler ile k\u00fcresel kurumlar (D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, UNCITRAL, UNIDROIT, Uluslararas\u0131 Ticaret Odas\u0131 gibi) aktif rol oynamaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer grup ise uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yoluyla ticaretin icras\u0131nda rol oynayan akt\u00f6rlerdir. T\u00fcccarlar, ticari \u015firketler, m\u00fcteahhitler, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde fabrika kuranlar, maden arayanlar ve maden \u00e7\u0131karanlar bu gruba \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette temel tart\u0131\u015fma konusu mal de\u011fi\u015fimidir; bir \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve gereksinimlerini i\u00e7 \u00fcretimle kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fclkeler uluslararas\u0131 ticarete y\u00f6nelmek zorundad\u0131r (Mahmudzade, 1392).<\/p>\n

Ekonomik planlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bilgi eksenlerinden biri, mallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde ve ihracat\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin bilinmesidir. Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin fark\u0131nda olmak ve bunlar\u0131 fiili hale getirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, uluslararas\u0131 rekabet ortam\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131 ve varl\u0131k g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir (Hasanzade, 1377).<\/p>\n

\n
Mutlak \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck Teorisi<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Smith\u2019in teorisine g\u00f6re, her \u00fclke serbest ticaret yoluyla, di\u011fer milletlere k\u0131yasla daha verimli \u00fcretebildi\u011fi mallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde uzmanla\u015fabilir (bu mallarda mutlak \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir) ve buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, daha az verimli \u00fcretti\u011fi mallar\u0131 ithal edebilir (bu mallarda mutlak \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip de\u011fildir). \u00dcretim fakt\u00f6rlerinin uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu uzmanla\u015fma, d\u00fcnya genelinde \u00fcretimi art\u0131rmakta ve bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faydalar ticarete kat\u0131lan milletler aras\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Smith, merkantilist g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc reddederek, mutlak \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe dayal\u0131 serbest ticarette bir \u00fclkenin di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin zarar\u0131na kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131; aksine t\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak fayda sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur (Poursardar, 1399).<\/p>\n

\n
Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck Teorisi<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kavram\u0131, Adam Smith\u2019in mutlak \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck teorisinin geli\u015fimi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde uluslararas\u0131 ticaret alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. David Ricardo, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda, her \u00fclkenin g\u00f6reli fiyatlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en iyi oldu\u011fu mal ve hizmetlerin \u00fcretiminde uzmanla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ve bu \u00fcretimden do\u011fan fazlay\u0131 di\u011fer \u00fclkelerle de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f ederek di\u011fer mal ve hizmetlere olan ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131n\u0131n kendi yarar\u0131na oldu\u011funu ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kendi kendine yeterli olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan milletler, ger\u00e7ekte halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr yoksullu\u011fu yaymaktad\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fcretiminde en iyi olmad\u0131klar\u0131 mallar\u0131 \u00fcretmekte ve bu mallar\u0131, di\u011fer \u00fclkelerin sunabilece\u011finden daha y\u00fcksek fiyatlarla kendi halklar\u0131na satmaktad\u0131rlar. Oysa halklar\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcretiminde en iyi olduklar\u0131 mallar\u0131 \u00fcretmekte serbest b\u0131raksalard\u0131, en y\u00fcksek verimlilik ve kazanc\u0131 onlar i\u00e7in sa\u011flayabilirlerdi.<\/p>\n

\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n \u00d6nemi ve Gereklili\u011fi<\/strong><\/h6>\n

D\u00fcnya ekonomik sistemlerinde \u00fcretime ili\u015fkin \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli soruya yan\u0131t verilmelidir:
Hangi mal\u0131 \u00fcretmeliyiz? (hangi \u00fcr\u00fcn ve hizmet)
Ne kadar \u00fcretmeliyiz? (pazar hacmi)
Nas\u0131l ve hangi teknolojiyle \u00fcretmeliyiz?<\/p>\n

\u0130lk soruya yan\u0131t verebilmek i\u00e7in \u00fcretim zincirinin incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te hangi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin daha y\u00fcksek katma de\u011fere sahip oldu\u011fu belirlenerek \u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7ilir. Her \u00fclkenin sanayi geli\u015fimi ve farkl\u0131 sanayilerin uluslararas\u0131 ticaret avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanma d\u00fczeyi; ekonomik altyap\u0131lar\u0131n durumu, fiili ve potansiyel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckler ve sanayi ile ticari faaliyetler \u00fczerindeki rekabet ortam\u0131 gibi \u00fclkeye \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00f6zelliklere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r (Fathi, 1396).<\/p>\n

\u0130ran tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim sanayisi, uzun ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, yat\u0131r\u0131m hacmi, y\u00fcksek katma de\u011fer oran\u0131, di\u011fer sanayiler ve ulusal ekonomi ile ileri ve geri ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve bol insan g\u00fcc\u00fc sayesinde, kendi nicel ve nitel geli\u015fimi ile ulusal ekonominin ilerlemesi i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok potansiyel imk\u00e2na sahiptir (Shafi, 1399). Bu nedenle, bu sanayinin k\u00fcresel pazarlara giri\u015fte kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi her zamankinden daha \u00f6nemli hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

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Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma belgesel ve uygulamal\u0131 niteliktedir ve k\u00fct\u00fcphane \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yoluyla materyallerin toplanmas\u0131 ve incelenmesi \u015feklinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n amac\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019da tekstil sanayisinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc incelemek ve bu sanayinin yat\u0131r\u0131m de\u011ferini ve uluslararas\u0131 ticaretin geli\u015ftirilmesini belirlemektir.<\/p>\n

\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Literat\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Yazdani ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 (1400), \u0130ran ekonomisinin tar\u0131m, sanayi ve hizmet alt sekt\u00f6rlerinin k\u00fcresel pazarlardaki rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc, Uluslararas\u0131 Standart End\u00fcstriyel S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sisteminin (ISIC) iki ve d\u00f6rt haneli kod d\u00fczeyinde ve \u0130ran ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n girdi-\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 tablolar\u0131 verilerini kullanarak, d\u00f6rt a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck (RCA) g\u00f6stergesi temelinde 1375-95 d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in incelemi\u015ftir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n bir\u00e7ok ekonomik sekt\u00f6rde k\u00fcresel pazarlardaki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmekte oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Devletin ve ekonomi politikas\u0131 yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu durumu dikkate alarak ihracat \u00f6nceliklerini do\u011fru \u015fekilde belirlemeleri ve buna dayanarak, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olan ve ayr\u0131ca bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fe de sahip oldu\u011fu sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00fcretimin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi ve desteklenmesini takip etmeleri gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Gasemlou ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 (1398), \u0130ran eyaletlerinde sanayi mallar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve performans istikrar\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip sanayi b\u00f6lgelerinin belirlenmesi ve bu b\u00f6lgelerdeki sanayilere yat\u0131r\u0131m y\u00f6nlendirmesi, petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ihracat\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesinde etkili olabilir. A\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ve Balassa\u2019n\u0131n simetrik endeksine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan incelemenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, \u0130sfahan, Merkezi, Kazvin, Bu\u015fehr, H\u00fcrm\u00fczgan, Semnan, Do\u011fu Azerbaycan, Yezd, Huzistan, Kohgiluye ve Buyer Ahmed, Huzistan, Zencan, Kum ve Kirman eyaletlerinin s\u0131ras\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f ve simetrik kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu eyaletler kendi kendine yeterli olman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sanayi mallar\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer eyaletlere ve yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ihra\u00e7 etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, grup yak\u0131nsama y\u00f6ntemi tahminlerinden elde edilen bulgular, t\u00fcm eyaletler i\u00e7in uzmanla\u015fma katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 33\/1 oldu\u011funu ve birden b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir; ancak incelenen 28 eyaletten 14\u2019\u00fc birden b\u00fcy\u00fck (75\/1) uzmanla\u015fma katsay\u0131s\u0131yla sanayi b\u00f6lgesi, di\u011fer 14\u2019\u00fc ise birden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck (99\/0) uzmanla\u015fma katsay\u0131s\u0131yla sanayi d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lge olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re, sanayi eyaletlerinin uzmanla\u015fma d\u00fczeyi ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaln\u0131zca gerekli istikrara sahip olmakla kalmam\u0131\u015f, d\u00f6nem boyunca da g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015ftir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, sanayi d\u0131\u015f\u0131 eyaletlerin uzmanla\u015fma d\u00fczeyi ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc istikrarl\u0131 olmam\u0131\u015f ve bu eyaletlerin uzmanla\u015fma d\u00fczeyi sanayi eyaletlerine k\u0131yasla g\u00f6rece zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fathi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 (1396), \u0130ran\u2019daki fabrika sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini ve serbest ticaretin rekabet\u00e7i ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (WTO) kat\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k d\u00fczeylerini incelemi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, do\u011fal kaynaklara dayal\u0131 geleneksel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklere ek olarak; m\u00fccevher \u00fcretimi, ofis ve hesaplama makineleri, otomobil par\u00e7alar\u0131, ila\u00e7 ve t\u0131pta kullan\u0131lan kimyasallar, optik aletler ve foto\u011fraf ekipmanlar\u0131, metalurji makineleri \u0640 metal eritme makineleri, motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar ve benzeri baz\u0131 di\u011fer fabrika sanayilerinin de \u0640 di\u011fer ko\u015fullar sabit kabul edildi\u011finde \u0640 serbest ticaretin rekabet\u00e7i ko\u015fullar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaya y\u00f6nelik potansiyel haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa sahip oldu\u011funu ve WTO\u2019ya kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n bu sanayiler i\u00e7in bir f\u0131rsat say\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Nazemian ve Movahedmanesh (1394) bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, 1997-2006 y\u0131llar\u0131 boyunca \u0130ran ekonomisinde end\u00fcstri i\u00e7i ticareti ve bunun a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ile ili\u015fkisini incelemi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n d\u00fcnya ile ticaretinde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 end\u00fcstri i\u00e7i ticaret hacminin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, model tahminlerinden elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, end\u00fcstri i\u00e7i ticaret ile a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck aras\u0131nda pozitif ve anlaml\u0131 bir ili\u015fki oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azizi ve Mojtabaei (1387) bu makalede, \u0130ran tekstil ekonomisinde \u00fcretim ve ticarette kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve bunun s\u00fcreklili\u011fini, \u00fcretim ve ticarette nicelik ve kalite verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla incelemi\u015ftir. Genel olarak bu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n temel amac\u0131, \u00fclkenin tekstil sanayisinin uluslararas\u0131 arenadaki rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7mektir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in 1379-1383 y\u0131llar\u0131nda pamuk, \u00e7\u00f6zg\u00fc ve atk\u0131 kuma\u015flar\u0131, sentetik lif iplikleri ve hayvan y\u00fcn\u00fc ve k\u0131l\u0131 ile ipek \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in \u0130\u00e7 Kaynak Maliyeti (DRC) ve A\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck (RCA) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctleri kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck y\u00f6ntemi ve 1379-1383 y\u0131llar\u0131na ait veriler kullan\u0131larak, \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinin 1383 y\u0131l\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131; incelenen \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca iki \u00fcr\u00fcn olan sentetik lifler ile hayvan y\u00fcn\u00fc ve k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinde yaln\u0131zca 1383 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn azalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ayn\u0131 zamanda incelenen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn de \u0640 sentetik lifler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0640 1383 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1382 y\u0131l\u0131na k\u0131yasla azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortaya konmu\u015ftur. Buna ek olarak, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmada \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinin 1383 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u00fclkelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bunun sonucunda \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda 44\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada ve 91\/0=RCA ile iyi bir konuma sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Nemati ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015flar\u0131 (1385), \u0130l\u00e2m eyaletinde tekstil sanayisi faaliyetlerinin potansiyel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini \u00f6l\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma, petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ihracat\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi do\u011frultusunda 1380 ve 1381 y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u0130l\u00e2m eyaletinin tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde 23 farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bulunan tekstil sanayilerinden 13 \u00f6nemli birimin potansiyel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini incelemi\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00e7m\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu analiz, \u0130\u00e7 Kaynak Maliyeti (DRC) y\u00f6ntemi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ve maliyet muhasebesine dayal\u0131 olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, b\u00f6ylece her bir \u015firketin ve \u00fcretti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin farklar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, incelenen mallar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun y\u00fcksek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir; 1380 ve 1381 y\u0131llar\u0131nda y\u00fcksek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip mallar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla 23 kalem maldan 15 ve 17 kaleme ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu birimlerin y\u00fcksek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn nedenleri aras\u0131nda \u00fcretim maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 ve bu birimlerin \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete sahip olmas\u0131 g\u00f6sterilebilir. \u00dcretim maliyetlerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 veya kontrol edilmesi, seri \u00fcretim, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f pazarlar\u0131n geni\u015fletilmesi, s\u00f6z konusu birimlerin eyaletin petrol d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ihracat\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmadaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebilir.<\/p>\n

Monjazeb (1381), \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n g\u0131da sanayileri ve giyim sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hesaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, d\u00fcnyada giyim sanayisi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin \u00e7o\u011funa y\u00f6nelik k\u00fcresel talebin artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u0640 iki \u00fcr\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0640 \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kayda de\u011fer bir ba\u015far\u0131 elde edemedi\u011fini ve 1993-97 d\u00f6neminde \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn azalma e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Mbatha (2021) bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n giyim, tekstil, deri ve ayakkab\u0131 sanayisinde (CTLF) rekabet avantaj\u0131n\u0131n tehditlerini ve f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llarda ya\u015fanan istihdam ve rekabet avantaj\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne ra\u011fmen, G\u00fcney Afrika giyim, tekstil, deri ve ayakkab\u0131 sanayisinin (SACTLF) bu \u00fclkenin \u00fcretim sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6nemli bir paya sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Sanayide istihdam rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 (son kez yakla\u015f\u0131k on y\u0131l \u00f6nce g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f seviyeleri) yeniden yakalamak i\u00e7in, SACTLF\u2019nin di\u011fer unsurlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra rekabet avantaj\u0131 tehditlerini ve f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 incelemesi gerekmektedir. SACTLF sanayisindeki rekabet avantaj\u0131 tehditlerini ve f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak amac\u0131yla, \u00f6nde gelen bir SACTLF perakende grubu ve iki \u00f6nde gelen giyim \u00fcreticileri birli\u011fi (100\u2019den fazla CTLF kurulu\u015funu temsilen) ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00f6rnekleme y\u00f6ntemiyle se\u00e7ilmi\u015f ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonucu, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck inovasyon oran\u0131 ve \u00fcretim girdilerine eri\u015fimin olmamas\u0131n\u0131n rekabet avantaj\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca tehditleri oldu\u011fudur. H\u0131zl\u0131 yan\u0131t s\u00fcresinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi ve yerelle\u015ftirme, faydal\u0131 rekabet f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu makalenin bulgular\u0131, SACTLF sanayisinin rekabet avantaj\u0131 olu\u015fturma potansiyeline sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Ervan (2019) bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve ticaret uzmanla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir: Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkeleri y\u00fcksek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretiminde uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f m\u0131d\u0131r? Bu makale, 1995, 2005 ve 2015 d\u00f6nemlerinde Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinin (Endonezya, \u00c7in, Japonya, Hong Kong, G\u00fcney Kore ve Singapur) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131nda uzmanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna varmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, Do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ve ticari uzmanla\u015fmas\u0131nda bask\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n teknoloji temelli \u00fcr\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Lectard (2018) bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe meydan okumaktan fayda sa\u011flay\u0131p sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe uzakl\u0131k, ihracat \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile uzmanla\u015fma dinamikleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe meydan okuyan geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin daha fazla imalat \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve daha karma\u015f\u0131k imalat mallar\u0131 ihra\u00e7 etme e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130hracat \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, etkisi heterojen kalk\u0131nma d\u00fczeylerinde farkl\u0131d\u0131r: her ne kadar kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6rmezden gelmenin orta gelirli ve kaynak zengini \u00fclkelerin ihracat sepetlerini \u00e7e\u015fitlendirmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclse de, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli ekonomilerin sepetini yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rma e\u011filimindedir. Ayr\u0131ca, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcretim d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerindeki etkisi, FDI paylar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve \u00fclkenin k\u00fcresel de\u011fer zincirlerindeki (GVC) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck katma de\u011ferli \u00fcretim g\u00f6revlerinde uzmanla\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, sonu\u00e7lar, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe meydan okuman\u0131n do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00e7ekimiyle birlikte uzun vadede riskli bir strateji olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yaln\u0131zca k\u0131smi ve yapay bir sanayile\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7makta, imalat ihracat\u0131 artarken imalat\u0131n katma de\u011feri ger\u00e7ekte azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Schetter (2017) bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda kalite farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck ve uluslararas\u0131 uzmanla\u015fmay\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, kalite farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n sanayile\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelere karma\u015f\u0131k ve basit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tamam\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6stermeye izin verdi\u011fini; buna kar\u015f\u0131n geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin yeni stil ger\u00e7eklikleriyle uyumlu \u015fekilde sistematik olarak basit \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde uzmanla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kalite farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, daha zengin \u00fclkelerin neden daha fazla \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe e\u011filim g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini ve zaman i\u00e7inde zengin ve fakir \u00fclkelerin neden giderek benzer \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ihra\u00e7 etmeye y\u00f6neldi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Kalite farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131 ticaretten do\u011fan faydalar\u0131n daha \u00e7ok geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelere ait oldu\u011funu ima etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Alodood (2008), tekstil ve haz\u0131r giyim ticaretinde dinamik kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn uluslararas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131, tahminlerini ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 incelemi\u015ftir. Bu ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin hem tekstil hem de haz\u0131r giyim sanayilerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Ancak onlar\u0131n haz\u0131r giyimdeki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, tekstile k\u0131yasla daha \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\n
\u0130ran Tekstil ve Haz\u0131r Giyim Sanayisinin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn Azalmas\u0131na Neden Olan Engeller<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u00dclkeye tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin ka\u00e7ak giri\u015fi<\/p>\n

Kaliteli ve ucuz hammadde temin edilememesi<\/p>\n

\u0130hracat s\u00fcbvansiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda \u00f6denmemesi<\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 benzer \u00fcr\u00fcnlere k\u0131yasla \u00fcretim maliyetinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 \u00fcretim birimlerinde \u00fcretim makinelerinin eskimi\u015f olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Mal ihracat\u0131 ve ithalat\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fken tarife politikalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131<\/p>\n

\u00dclkedeki \u00fcretim mevzuat\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7 durgunluk ve i\u015f ortam\u0131ndaki d\u00fczensizlik<\/p>\n

\u0130leri bilginin eksikli\u011fi ve teknoloji zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n

Mevcut insan g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn, \u00f6zellikle y\u00f6netim, teknik, tasar\u0131m, e\u011firme, terbiye ve sat\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131nda gerekli beceri ve uzmanl\u0131k d\u00fczeyinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Tekstil faaliyetlerinin geleneksel olmas\u0131, makinelerin veriminin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131 ve mekanizasyon katsay\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131<\/p>\n

Donan\u0131m ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k, muhafaza ve depolama, ambalajlama, pazarlama vb.) (Hemmeti, 1401)<\/p>\n

\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Bir \u00fclkenin ihracat kapasitesini tan\u0131mada ve bu do\u011frultuda uygun politikalar\u0131 belirlemede etkili olan fakt\u00f6rlerden biri, mal \u00fcretimi ve ihracat\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Basit\u00e7e \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f vard\u0131r ki, \u00fclkeler mallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u0131\u015f ticarete girmi\u015f ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde mal de\u011fi\u015fimine y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdir (Abdolghasem, 1383).<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130ran tekstil sanayisi 1381-1382 y\u0131llar\u0131nda bu alanda y\u00fcksek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olmu\u015f olsa da, ne yaz\u0131k ki bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6r, yaln\u0131zca 1383 y\u0131l\u0131nda tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn azalmas\u0131na de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda incelenen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn de \u0640 sentetik lifler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0640 1383 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1382 y\u0131l\u0131na k\u0131yasla azalmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. \u0130ran tekstil sanayisinin 1383 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7ilmi\u015f \u00fclkelerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n \u00f6nde gelen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda 44. s\u0131rada ve 91\/0=RCA ile iyi bir konuma sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir (Azizi, 1387).<\/p>\n

Genel olarak bir\u00e7ok ekonomik sekt\u00f6rde \u0130ran, k\u00fcresel pazarlardaki kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetmektedir. Devlet ve ekonomi politikas\u0131 yap\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu durumu dikkate alarak ihracat \u00f6nceliklerini do\u011fru belirlemeleri ve buna dayanarak, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe sahip ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir oldu\u011fu sekt\u00f6rlerde \u00fcretimi g\u00fc\u00e7lendirme ve destekleme s\u00fcrecini izlemeleri gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu arada tekstil sanayisi, emek yo\u011fun olmas\u0131 ve karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle, \u00fclkenin at\u0131l n\u00fcfusunu di\u011fer sanayilere g\u00f6re daha kolay kendine \u00e7ekip aktif hale getirebilir. Bu durum, petrokimya ve otomotiv gibi sanayilere k\u0131yasla, bu sanayinin k\u00fcresel alanda geli\u015fme ve ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fer zincirine ba\u011flanma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00c7in, T\u00fcrkiye, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Tayland ve benzeri \u00fclkelerden yap\u0131lan geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 giyim ve kuma\u015f ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fclkenin tekstil sanayisini krizle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Kashi, 1392).<\/p>\n

\n
Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/h6>\n

Dini-Torkamani Pouria. Uluslararas\u0131 ticaret teorilerine genel bak\u0131\u015f. Economic Journal<\/em> (iki ayl\u0131k: ekonomik sorunlar ve politikalar\u0131n incelenmesi) 1391; 12(2): 104-99
URL: http:\/\/ejip.ir\/article-\u06f1-\u06f1\u06f1\u06f8-fa.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Hasanzade, Rahim ve Rahimi Borujerdi, Alireza, \u0130ran fabrika sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130\u00e7 Kaynak Maliyeti (DRC) ve A\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fck (RCA) temelinde incelenmesi “Vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Makine ve ekipman sanayi grubu”, 1377, 126-107<\/p>\n

Fathi, Yahya ve Shakeri, Abbas ve Yousefi, Mohammadgholi ve Behkish, Mohammadmehdi, 1397, \u0130ran fabrika sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinin ve serbest ticaretin rekabet\u00e7i ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (WTO) kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n incelenmesi,
https:\/\/civilica.com\/doc\/1187966<\/a><\/p>\n

Shafi, Shokoufeh, Abbasi, Reza, ve Habibi-Rad, Amin. (1399). Tekstil sanayisinde \u00fcretimin geli\u015ftirilmesine ili\u015fkin zorluklar\u0131n belirlenmesi ve s\u0131ralanmas\u0131, politikalar ve durumun iyile\u015ftirilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler (vaka \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: siyah \u00e7ador kuma\u015f\u0131 \u00fcretimi). Industrial Technology Development<\/em>, 18(41), 65-78. SID.
https:\/\/sid.ir\/paper\/392175\/fa<\/a><\/p>\n

Yazdani, Mehdi, ve Mohbi-Nia, Fahimeh. (1400). A\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck; uyum ve istikrar testleri (\u0130ran ekonomisinde tar\u0131m, sanayi ve hizmet sekt\u00f6rlerinin rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcne dair kan\u0131tlar). Iran Economic Research<\/em>, 26(89), 155-195. SID.
https:\/\/sid.ir\/paper\/964155\/fa<\/a><\/p>\n

Gasemlou, Khalil, Zolghadr, Hamid, & Kazerouni, Alireza. (1398). \u0130ran eyaletlerinde sanayi mallar\u0131 ihracat\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve performans istikrar\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesi. Regional Planning Scientific-Research Quarterly<\/em>, 9(34), 1-14.<\/p>\n

Fathi, Yahya, Shakeri, Abbas, Yousefi, Mohammadgholi, & Behkish, Mohammadmehdi. (1397). \u0130ran fabrika sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckleri ve serbest ticaretin rekabet\u00e7i ko\u015fullar\u0131 ile D\u00fcnya Ticaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne (WTO) kat\u0131l\u0131m. Modern Economy and Trade<\/em>, 13(2 (ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k say\u0131: 39)), 107-142.<\/p>\n

Sadegh-Ali, Movahedmanesh ve Hamid, Nazemian. 1390, \u0130ran ekonomisinde end\u00fcstri i\u00e7i ticaret ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin incelenmesi, Business Research Journal<\/em>, 59, 1-24.<\/p>\n

Azizi, Jafar, Mojtabaei, Seyed Amin. \u0130ran tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn incelenmesi. Economic Journal<\/em> (iki ayl\u0131k: ekonomik sorunlar ve ekonomik politikalar\u0131n incelenmesi) 1387; 8(77 ve 78): 64-47
URL: http:\/\/ejip.ir\/article-\u06f1-\u06f2\u06f6\u06f5-fa.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Nemati, Mehrdad, ve Safavi, Bijan. (1385). \u0130l\u00e2m eyaletinde tekstil sanayisi faaliyetlerinin potansiyel kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi. Sustainable Growth and Development Research (Economic Research)<\/em>, 6(4), 105-130. SID.
https:\/\/sid.ir\/paper\/86643\/fa<\/a><\/p>\n

Monjazeb, Mohammadreza. (1381). \u0130ran g\u0131da sanayileri ve giyim sanayilerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. Economic Research Journal<\/em>, 2(7), 95-124.<\/p>\n

Mbatha, S. (2021). Competitive Advantage Threats and Opportunities in the South African Clothing, Textiles, Leather, and Footwear (CTLF) Industry. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies<\/em>, 10(6), 122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36941\/ajis-2021-0159<\/a><\/p>\n

Eva Ervani & Tri Widodo & Muhammad Edhie Purnawan, 2019. “Comparative Advantage and Trade Specialization of East Asian Countries: Do East Asian Countries Specialize on Product Groups with High Comparative Advantage?,” International Business Research<\/em>, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(2), pages 113-134, February.<\/p>\n

Lectard, Pauline & Rougier, Eric. “Distance to Comparative Advantage, Export Diversification and Sophistication, and the Dynamics of Specialization”\u060c Volume 102, February 2018, Pages 90-110.<\/p>\n

Schetter, Ulrich, A Measure of Countries\u2019 Distance to Frontier Based on Comparative Advantage (September 23, 2022). CID Research Fellow and Graduate Student Working Paper No. 135, CID at Harvard University, Available at SSRN: https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4227848<\/a> or http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2139\/ssrn.422784<\/a><\/p>\n

Alodood, Mokhtar; \u00e7eviren: Mehdi-Pour Tamali, Fatemeh; Commercial Studies<\/em>, Farvardin ve Ordibehesht 1386 – say\u0131 22, bilimsel-yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 derece (Bilim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\/ISC), 10 sayfa – 109\u2019dan …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zet Tekstil sanayisi ve uluslararas\u0131 ticarette temel tart\u0131\u015fma konusu mal de\u011fi\u015fimidir; bir \u00fclkenin t\u00fcm ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve gereksinimlerini yaln\u0131zca i\u00e7 \u00fcretimle kar\u015f\u0131layamamas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00fclkeler uluslararas\u0131 ticarete y\u00f6nelmek zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Ekonomik planlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u00f6zellikle geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerde sanayi yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bilgi eksenlerinden biri, mallar\u0131n \u00fcretiminde ve ihracat\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin bilinmesidir. Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerin fark\u0131nda olmak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25795,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,87],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tekstilde-surdurulebilirlik-tr","category---tr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25838","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25838"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25838\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25924,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25838\/revisions\/25924"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25795"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25838"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25838"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/oyaz.co\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25838"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}